This course is designed for students who would like to address three broad questions in agricultural/resource economics and related policy issues:

 (1) What are the underlying causes and drivers of the key security (food, water, energy, etc.) challenges at a global and national level?

(2) What scope is there for public policy (short and long term) to address these challenges?

(3) What can and should be done to support efficiency and equitable approaches to these challenges?

Staff Feedback

Students will be given feedback in the following forms in this course:

• Written comments
• Verbal comments
• Feedback to the whole class, to groups, to individuals, focus groups

Student Feedback

ANU is committed to the demonstration of educational excellence and regularly seeks feedback from students. Students are encouraged to offer feedback directly to their Course Convener or through their College and Course representatives (if applicable). The feedback given in these surveys is anonymous and provides the Colleges, University Education Committee and Academic Board with opportunities to recognise excellent teaching, and opportunities for improvement. The Surveys and Evaluation website provides more information on student surveys at ANU and reports on the feedback provided on ANU courses.

Class Schedule

Week/Session	Summary of Activities	Assessment
1	Week 1: 25 July Structural transformation during economic development	Readings: Perkins, et al. (2013). Economics of Development, W.W. Norton, Chapter 16. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey (2014). ‘Agriculture in the Global Economy’, Journal of Economic Perspectives 28(1): 121–146. Timmer, C. P. (2014). ‘ Managing Structural Transformation: A Political Economy Approach’ WIDER Annual Lecture 18, United Nations University, Helsinki. Martin, W. and P.G. Warr, (1993). 'Explaining Agriculture's Relative Decline: A Supply Side Analysis for Indonesia', World Bank Economic Review, 7 (September), 381-401.
2	Week 2: 1 August Theories of agriculture’s contribution to economic development	Readings: Perkins, et al. (2013). Economics of Development, W.W. Norton, Chapter 17. Johnston, B.F., and J.W. Mellor (1961). ‘The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development’. American Economic Review, 51(4): 566-93. Johnson, D. G. (1997). ‘Agriculture and the Wealth of Nations (Ely Lecture)’. American Economic Review, 87(2): 1-12. Gollin. D.S. et al. (2002). ‘The Role of Agriculture in Development’, American Economic Review, 92(2), 160-164.
3	Week 3: 8 August Agriculture and poverty reduction	Readings: World Bank (2008). World Development Report 2008: Agriculture and Development, Oxford University Press, Chapter 3. Ravallion, M., and G. Datt, (1996). ‘How important to India’s poor is the sectoral composition of economic growth?’, World Bank Economic Review, 10, 1–25. Warr, P. (2005), ‘Industrialization, Trade Policy and Poverty Reduction: Evidence from Asia’, in Sisira Jayasuriya (ed.), Trade Policy Reforms and Development (vol. 2), Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA, 239-258. Ivanic, M., and W. Martin (2018). ‘Sectoral Productivity Growth and Poverty Reduction: National and Global Impacts.’ World Development 109: 429–39.
4	Week 4: 15 August Food Security	Readings: Pinstrup-Anderson, P. (2009). ‘Food security: Definition and Measurement’, Food Security, 1 (1): 5-7. Warr, P. (2014). ‘Food Insecurity and its Determinants’, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 58 (4): 519-537. Timmer, C.P. (2015). Food Security and Scarcity: Why Ending Hunger is So Hard, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, Chapters 1 and 2.
5	Week 5: 22 August Food Prices and Poverty	Readings: Warr, P. and A.A. Yusuf (2014). ‘Food Prices and Poverty in Indonesia’, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 58(1), 1-21. Bellamere, M. F. (2015). ‘Rising Food Prices, Food Price Volatility and Social Unrest’, American Journal of Agricultural Economics 97(1), 1-21. Hasan, S. (2017). ‘The Distributional Effect of a Large Rice Price Increase on Welfare and Poverty in Bangladesh’, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 61(1), 154-171. Headey, D.D. (2016). ‘Food Prices and Poverty’, World Bank Economic Review, 32(3), 676–691
6	Week 6: 29 August Agricultural Trade Policies I	Readings: Swinnen, J. (1994) ‘A Positive Theory of Agricultural Protection’ American Journal of Agricultural Economics 76(1): 1–14. Krueger, A.O., M. Schiff and A. Valdes (1988). ‘Agricultural Incentives in Developing Countries: Measuring the Effect of Sectoral and Economywide Policies’, World Bank Economic Review, 2 (3): 255-271. Anderson, K. (2010). ‘Krueger, Schiff, and Valdes Revisited: Agricultural Price and Trade Policy Reform in Developing Countries since 1960’, Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy (2010), 32 (2), 195–231. Anderson, K. (2013). ‘Agricultural Price Distortions: Trends and Volatility, Past, and Prospective’, Agricultural Economics, 44 (Supplement): 163–171. Lloyd, P.J., J.L. Croser and K. Anderson (2010). ‘Global Distortions to Agricultural Markets: Indicators of Trade and Welfare Impacts, 1960 to 2007’, Review of Development Economics, 14 (2): 141–160.
7	Week 7: 19 September Agricultural Trade Policies II	Readings: World Bank (2008). World Development Report 2008: Agriculture and Development, Oxford University Press, Chapter 4. Martin. W. and K. Anderson (2011), ‘Export Restrictions and Price Insulation During Commodity Price Booms’, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 94 (2): 422–427. Anderson, K., M. Ivanic, and W. J. Martin (2014). ‘Food Price Spikes, Price Insulation, and Poverty’, in J. P. Chavas, D. Hummels and B.D. Wright (eds), The Economics of Food Price Volatility, University of Chicago Press, 311-344.
8	Week 8: 26 September Technical change and agricultural research	Readings: World Bank (2008). World Development Report 2008: Agriculture and Development, Oxford University Press, Chapter 7. Alston, J.M., J.M. Beddow and P.G. Pardey (2009). ‘Agricultural Research, Productivity, and Food Prices in the Long Run’, Science 325(5945): 1209-1210. Alston, J.M. and P.G. Pardey (2013). ‘Agricultural R&D and Food Security of the Poor’. Economic Papers 32(3): 289–297. James, J.S., Pardey, P.G. and Alston, J.M. (2008). ‘Agriculutural R&D Policy: A Tragedy of the International Commons’, Staff Paper P_08-08, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, September. Suphannachart, W. and P.G. Warr (2011). ‘Research and Productivity in Thai Agriculture’, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 55(1): 35-52. Andersen, M.A., J.M. Alston, P.G. Pardey, and A. Smith (2018). ‘A Century of U.S. Farm Productivity Growth: A Surge Then a Slowdown’, American Journal of Agricultural Economics 100(4): 1072–90.
9	Week 9: 3 October Agricultural policy reform: land, credit, extension	Readings: World Bank (2008). World Development Report 2008: Agriculture and Development, Oxford University Press, Chapter 6. Cheung, S.N.S. (1968). ‘Private Property Rights and Sharecropping’, Journal of Political Economy, 76(6): 1107-1122. Bardhan, P. and Srinivasan, T. N. (1971). ‘Crop-Sharing Tenancy in Agriculture: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis’, American Economic Review 61(1), 48-64. M. Kirk and D.A.T. Nguyen (2009). ‘Land-Tenure Policy Reforms: Decollectivization and the Doi Moi System in Vietnam’, IFPRI Discussion Paper 00927, November. H.Q. Nguyen and P. Warr (2018). ‘Land consolidation as technical change: impacts on-farm and off-farm in rural Vietnam’, Working Papers in Trade and Development, Arndt-Corden Department of Economics, ANU. Anderson, J.R. and G. Feder (2004). ‘Agricultural Extension: Good Intentions and Hard Realities’, World Bank Research Observer’, 19(1), 41-60.
10	Week 10: 10 October Water Security	Readings: Grafton, R.Q., J. Pittock, M. Tait and C. White, (2013). Water: Security, Economics and Governance, Tilde University Press. Chapters 2, 10 and 11. Grafton, R.Q. (2017). ‘Responding to the ‘Wicked Problem’ of Water Insecurity’, Water Resources Management, 31: 3023–3041 Wichelns, D. (2015). ‘Water Productivity and Food Security: Considering More Carefully the Farm-level Perspective’, Food Security, 7(2):247–260. Grafton, R.Q., et al. (2013). ’Global Insights into Water Resources, Climate Change and Governance’, Nature Climate Change, 3: 315-321.
11	Week 11: 17 October Fisheries management	Readings Grafton, R.Q. and T. Kompas (2014). ‘Three Pillars of Fisheries Policy’, Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, 1(3): 609–614. Grafton, R.Q. et al., (2004). Economics of the Environment and Natural Resources, Chapter 4. Grafton, R.Q., T. Kompas and R.W. Hilborn (2007). ‘Economics of Overexploitation Revisited’, Science, 318: 1601.
12	Week 12: 24 October Deforestation and climate change	Readings: Grafton, R.Q. et al., (2004). Economics of the Environment and Natural Resources, Chapter 5. Warr, P. and A.A. Yusuf (2011). ‘Reducing Indonesia’s Deforestation-based Greenhouse Gas Emissions’, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 55 (3): 297-321. Rose, S.K. and B. Sohngren (2011). ‘Global Forest Carbon Sequestration and Climate Policy Design’, Environment and Development Economics 16: 429–454.

Assessment Summary

Assessment task	Value	Due Date	Return of assessment	Learning Outcomes
Mid-term examination	25 %	16/09/2019	27/09/2019	1
Reading assignment	25 %	08/11/2019	28/11/2019	1, 2
Final Examination	50 %	31/10/2019	28/11/2019	1, 2, 3

* If the Due Date and Return of Assessment date are blank, see the Assessment Tab for specific Assessment Task details

Policies

ANU has educational policies, procedures and guidelines, which are designed to ensure that staff and students are aware of the University’s academic standards, and implement them. Students are expected to have read the Academic Misconduct Rule before the commencement of their course. Other key policies and guidelines include:

• Student Assessment (Coursework) Policy and Procedure
• Special Assessment Consideration Policy and General Information
• Student Surveys and Evaluations
• Deferred Examinations
• Student Complaint Resolution Policy and Procedure

Assessment Requirements

The ANU is using Turnitin to enhance student citation and referencing techniques, and to assess assignment submissions as a component of the University's approach to managing Academic Integrity. For additional information regarding Turnitin please visit the ANU Online website Students may choose not to submit assessment items through Turnitin. In this instance you will be required to submit, alongside the assessment item itself, hard copies of all references included in the assessment item.

Moderation of Assessment

Marks that are allocated during Semester are to be considered provisional until formalised by the College examiners meeting at the end of each Semester. If appropriate, some moderation of marks might be applied prior to final results being released.

Assessment Task 1

Mid-term examination

The midterm examination will potentially examine all the material covered in class prior to the mid-term.

Mid semester exam will be held in week 7 with the specific date to be confirmed.

Linked Learning Outcomes

The key learning objectives are that students, upon completion of the course are able to:

1. Use the tools of microeconomics to construct and understand economic models of agricultural production and natural resource use, as relevant for developing countries.

Assessment Task 2

Reading assignment

Details of the reading assignment will be discussed in the first lecture.

Due date: Friday 8 November, 11:55pm

Linked Learning Outcomes

The key learning objectives are that students, upon completion of the course are able to:

1. Use the tools of microeconomics to construct and understand economic models of agricultural production and natural resource use, as relevant for developing countries.
2. Design research projects that address key issues of agricultural policies and their relationship to the objectives of poverty reduction and economic growth.

Assessment Task 3

Final Examination

Final Examination will be held during the examination period with the specific date to be confirmed.

Linked Learning Outcomes

The key learning objectives are that students, upon completion of the course are able to:

1. Use the tools of microeconomics to construct and understand economic models of agricultural production and natural resource use, as relevant for developing countries.
2. Design research projects that address key issues of agricultural policies and their relationship to the objectives of poverty reduction and economic growth.
3. Write short policy briefs on the key challenges of food, water, environmental and resource security.

Academic Integrity

Academic integrity is a core part of our culture as a community of scholars. At its heart, academic integrity is about behaving ethically. This means that all members of the community commit to honest and responsible scholarly practice and to upholding these values with respect and fairness. The Australian National University commits to embedding the values of academic integrity in our teaching and learning. We ensure that all members of our community understand how to engage in academic work in ways that are consistent with, and actively support academic integrity. The ANU expects staff and students to uphold high standards of academic integrity and act ethically and honestly, to ensure the quality and value of the qualification that you will graduate with. The University has policies and procedures in place to promote academic integrity and manage academic misconduct. Visit the following Academic honesty & plagiarism website for more information about academic integrity and what the ANU considers academic misconduct. The ANU offers a number of services to assist students with their assignments, examinations, and other learning activities. The Academic Skills and Learning Centre offers a number of workshops and seminars that you may find useful for your studies.

Online Submission

The ANU uses Turnitin to enhance student citation and referencing techniques, and to assess assignment submissions as a component of the University's approach to managing Academic Integrity. While the use of Turnitin is not mandatory, the ANU highly recommends Turnitin is used by both teaching staff and students. For additional information regarding Turnitin please visit the ANU Online website.

Hardcopy Submission

For some forms of assessment (hand written assignments, art works, laboratory notes, etc.) hard copy submission is appropriate when approved by the Associate Dean (Education). Hard copy submissions must utilise the Assignment Cover Sheet. Please keep a copy of tasks completed for your records.

Late Submission

Late submission of assessment tasks without an extension are penalised at the rate of 5% of the possible marks available per working day or part thereof. Late submission of assessment tasks is not accepted after 10 working days after the due date, or on or after the date specified in the course outline for the return of the assessment item. Late submission is not accepted for take-home examinations.

Referencing Requirements

Accepted academic practice for referencing sources that you use in presentations can be found via the links on the Wattle site, under the file named “ANU and College Policies, Program Information, Student Support Services and Assessment”. Alternatively, you can seek help through the Students Learning Development website.

Extensions and Penalties

Extensions and late submission of assessment pieces are covered by the Student Assessment (Coursework) Policy and Procedure The Course Convener may grant extensions for assessment pieces that are not examinations or take-home examinations. If you need an extension, you must request an extension in writing on or before the due date. If you have documented and appropriate medical evidence that demonstrates you were not able to request an extension on or before the due date, you may be able to request it after the due date.

Privacy Notice

The ANU has made a number of third party, online, databases available for students to use. Use of each online database is conditional on student end users first agreeing to the database licensor’s terms of service and/or privacy policy. Students should read these carefully. In some cases student end users will be required to register an account with the database licensor and submit personal information, including their: first name; last name; ANU email address; and other information. In cases where student end users are asked to submit ‘content’ to a database, such as an assignment or short answers, the database licensor may only use the student’s ‘content’ in accordance with the terms of service — including any (copyright) licence the student grants to the database licensor. Any personal information or content a student submits may be stored by the licensor, potentially offshore, and will be used to process the database service in accordance with the licensors terms of service and/or privacy policy. If any student chooses not to agree to the database licensor’s terms of service or privacy policy, the student will not be able to access and use the database. In these circumstances students should contact their lecturer to enquire about alternative arrangements that are available.

Distribution of grades policy

Academic Quality Assurance Committee monitors the performance of students, including attrition, further study and employment rates and grade distribution, and College reports on quality assurance processes for assessment activities, including alignment with national and international disciplinary and interdisciplinary standards, as well as qualification type learning outcomes. Since first semester 1994, ANU uses a grading scale for all courses. This grading scale is used by all academic areas of the University.

Support for students

The University offers students support through several different services. You may contact the services listed below directly or seek advice from your Course Convener, Student Administrators, or your College and Course representatives (if applicable).

• ANU Health, safety & wellbeing for medical services, counselling, mental health and spiritual support
• ANU Diversity and inclusion for students with a disability or ongoing or chronic illness
• ANU Dean of Students for confidential, impartial advice and help to resolve problems between students and the academic or administrative areas of the University
• ANU Academic Skills and Learning Centre supports you make your own decisions about how you learn and manage your workload.
• ANU Counselling Centre promotes, supports and enhances mental health and wellbeing within the University student community.
• ANUSA supports and represents undergraduate and ANU College students
• PARSA supports and represents postgraduate and research students