Whilst traditional criminological theories focus on how deviance and crime is constructed, crime science offers a new way of understanding and responding to crime and security problems. This course outlines the distinctive nature of the crime science approach to understanding, preventing, detecting and investigating crime problems. This course presents the key theories that explain the temporal and spatial patterning of crime events, and introduces the associated strategies for disrupting these patterns. This course also emphasises the need for a multidisciplinary approach to address crime and security problems.

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion, students will have the knowledge and skills to:

1. demonstrate an understanding of the principles and theories of crime science;
2. source relevant research publications on crime science and environmental criminology, and interpret that information correctly;
3. critique the value of key theories in explaining criminal behaviour; and
4. use theory and understandings to critically analyse crime prevention approaches.

Required Resources

The required reading for this course is:

Wortley, Richard & Townsley, Michael. (2017). Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.

Recommended Resources

Whether you are on campus or studying remotely, there are a variety of online platforms you will use to participate in your study program. These could include videos for lectures and other instruction, two-way video conferencing for interactive learning, email and other messaging tools for communication, interactive web apps for formative and collaborative activities, print and/or photo/scan for handwritten work and drawings, and home-based assessment.

ANU outlines recommended student system requirements to ensure you are able to participate fully in your learning. Other information is also available about the various Learning Platforms you may use.

Staff Feedback

Students will be given feedback in the following forms in this course:

• written comments
• verbal comments
• feedback to whole class, groups, individuals, focus group etc

Student Feedback

ANU is committed to the demonstration of educational excellence and regularly seeks feedback from students. Students are encouraged to offer feedback directly to their Course Convener or through their College and Course representatives (if applicable). Feedback can also be provided to Course Conveners and teachers via the Student Experience of Learning & Teaching (SELT) feedback program. SELT surveys are confidential and also provide the Colleges and ANU Executive with opportunities to recognise excellent teaching, and opportunities for improvement.

Other Information

Please note, that written assessments which are 10% over/under the word count are penalised by 10% of the possible marks available (i.e. literature review submissions which are below 900 and above 1100 words and crime script analysis submissions which are below 1800 and above 2200 words will incur a 10% penalty).

Class Schedule

Week/Session	Summary of Activities	Assessment
1	What is Crime Science? Course Structure Academic Integrity Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis	This week's content will be split over two sessions. Session 1 will be within the introductory lecture released. Session 2 will be held in tutorials in Week 1. Readings for Week 1: Wortley, R., & Townsley, M. (2017). Chapter 1: Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis: Situating the Theory, Analytic Approach, and Application. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 1-25), Routledge, London. Laycock, G. (2005). Defining Crime Science. In M. J. Smith & N. Tilley (Eds.). Crime science: New approaches to preventing and detecting crime (pp. 3-26), Routledge, London.
2	The Offender. The Continuum of Criminality Routine Activities Rational Choice Situational Precipitators	Readings for Week 2: Cornish, D. B., & Clarke, R. V. (2017). Chapter 2: The Rational Choice Perspective. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 29-61), Routledge, London. Wortley, R. (2017). Chapter 3: Situational Precipitators. In Wortley & Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 62-86), Routledge, London.
3	The Victim. Routine Activities Rational Choice Repeat Victimisation	Readings for Week 3: Felson, M. (2017). Chapter 4: The Routine Activity Approach. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 87-97), Routledge, London. Pease, K., & Farrell, G. (2017). Chapter 9: Repeat Victimisation. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 180-198), Routledge, London.
4	The Environment. The Urban Backcloth Journey to Crime Spatial Choice Geographic Profiling Broken Windows	Readings for Week 4: Townsley, M. (2017). Chapter 7: Offender Mobility. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 142-161), Routledge, London. Rossmo, D. K., & Rombouts, S. (2017). Chapter 8: Geographic Profiling. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 162-179), Routledge, London.
5	Crime Patterns. Routine Activities Geometry of Crime Crime Pattern Theory Rational Choice	Readings for Week 5: Brantingham, P. J., Brantingham, P. L., & Andresen, M. A. (2017). Chapter 5: The Geometry of Crime and Crime Pattern Theory. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 98-115), Routledge, London. Eck, J., & Weisburd, D. L. (2015). Crime Places in Crime Theory. Crime and Place: Crime Prevention Studies, 4, 1-33.
6	Crime Pattern Analysis. Crime Pattern Theory Geometry of Crime Crime Scripting Spatial Analysis	Online Quiz 1 runs this Week. Readings for Week 6: Leclerc, B. (2017). Chapter 6: Crime Scripts. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 119-141), Routledge, London. Johnson, S. (2017). Chapter 10: Crime Mapping and Spatial Analysis. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 199-223), Routledge, London.
7	Enforcement. Crime Pattern Theory Crime Scripting Broken Windows SARA POP	Readings for Week 7: Scott, M. S., Eck, J. E., Knutsson, J., & Goldstein, H. (2017). Chapter 11: Problem Oriented Policing. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 227-258), Routledge, London. Wagers, M., Sousa, W., & Kelling, G. (2017). Chapter 15: Broken Windows. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 334-350), Routledge, London.
8	Situational Crime Prevention. Rational Choice Situational Prevention Broken Windows Defensible Space CPTED	Written Assessment Due this Week. Readings for Week 8: Clarke, R. V. (2017). Chapter 13: Situational Crime Prevention. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 286-303), Routledge, London. Guerette, R. T., & Bowers, K. J. (2009). Assessing the Extent of Crime Displacement and Diffusion of Benefits: A Review of Situational Crime Prevention Evaluations. Criminology, 47(4), 1331-1368.
9	No Lecture this Week.
10	Design Against Crime. Rational Choice Broken Windows Defensible Space CPTED Design Against Crime	Readings for Week 10: Armitage, R. (2017). Chapter 12: Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 259-285), Routledge, London. Ekblom, P. (2017). Chapter 14: Designing Products Against Crime. In R. Wortley & M. Townsley (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis (pp. 304-333), Routledge, London.
11	Crime Prevention in Australia. Overview of how Crime Prevention as related to environmental criminology has been used in Australia.	Online Quiz 2 runs this week. Readings for Week 11: Cherney, A., & Sutton, A. (2007). Crime Prevention in Australia: Beyond 'What Works?' The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 40(1), 65-81. Indermaur, D. (1999). Situational Prevention of Violent Crime: Theory and Practice in Australia. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 8(1), 71-87.
12	Conclusion and Course Review. Course Review. Exam Preparation.	Tutorials this week will be a revision session.

Tutorial Registration

ANU utilises MyTimetable to enable students to view the timetable for their enrolled courses, browse, then self-allocate to small teaching activities / tutorials so they can better plan their time. Find out more on the Timetable webpage.

Assessment Summary

Assessment task	Value	Due Date	Return of assessment	Learning Outcomes
Online Quiz 1 (10%)	10 %	02/09/2022	05/09/2022	1,2
Online Quiz 2 (10%)	10 %	21/10/2022	24/10/2022	1,2
Written Assessment (40%)	40 %	26/09/2022	24/10/2022	1,2,3,4
Final Exam (40%)	40 %	*	*	1,2,3,4

* If the Due Date and Return of Assessment date are blank, see the Assessment Tab for specific Assessment Task details

Policies

ANU has educational policies, procedures and guidelines , which are designed to ensure that staff and students are aware of the University’s academic standards, and implement them. Students are expected to have read the Academic Integrity Rule before the commencement of their course. Other key policies and guidelines include:

• Academic Integrity Policy and Procedure
• Student Assessment (Coursework) Policy and Procedure
• Special Assessment Consideration Guideline and General Information 
• Student Surveys and Evaluations
• Deferred Examinations
• Student Complaint Resolution Policy and Procedure
• Code of practice for teaching and learning

Assessment Requirements

The ANU is using Turnitin to enhance student citation and referencing techniques, and to assess assignment submissions as a component of the University's approach to managing Academic Integrity. For additional information regarding Turnitin please visit the Academic Skills website. In rare cases where online submission using Turnitin software is not technically possible; or where not using Turnitin software has been justified by the Course Convener and approved by the Associate Dean (Education) on the basis of the teaching model being employed; students shall submit assessment online via ‘Wattle’ outside of Turnitin, or failing that in hard copy, or through a combination of submission methods as approved by the Associate Dean (Education). The submission method is detailed below.

Moderation of Assessment

Marks that are allocated during Semester are to be considered provisional until formalised by the College examiners meeting at the end of each Semester. If appropriate, some moderation of marks might be applied prior to final results being released.

Examination(s)

The final exam comprises an unseen examination paper lasting 3 hours and 15 minutes (inclusive of reading time). 

The exam will run in the final exam period (Date TBC).

Assessment Task 1

Online Quiz 1 (10%)

Online Quiz

The quiz will be opened on Wattle at the start of Week 6.

You will need to submit your answers to the quiz by the end of Week 6.

The quiz is worth 10% of your final grade.

There are 10 questions assessing student knowledge and understanding of crime and security problems as covered in weeks 1-4

All questions are multiple choice.

The quiz is timed. Once you open the quiz you will have 1 hour to submit your answers.

You are only able to make one attempt at this quiz. Once you submit your answers, you cannot retake the quiz.

When you have completed the quiz, make sure to click ‘submit’ or your answers will not be recorded.

IMPORTANT 

The CRIM2014 is not a group work task. Under no circumstances should you co-complete the CRIM2014 quiz with a friend or as a group. Studying together in advance of a quiz is perfectly acceptable, but undertaking a quiz or sharing the questions/answers with another student is not.  

Collusion is a serious offence under the ANU's Academic Legislation and evidence of such will be referred to the Academic Registrar for investigation. 

The link for the ANU policy on Collusion is below.

http://www.anu.edu.au/students/academic-skills/academic-integrity/plagiarism/collusion

Assessment Task 2

Online Quiz 2 (10%)

Online Quiz

The quiz will be opened on Wattle at the start of Week 11.

You will need to submit your answers to the quiz by the end of Week 11.

The quiz is worth 10% of your final grade.

There are 10 questions assessing student knowledge and understanding of responding to crime and security problems as covered in weeks 7-10.

All questions are multiple choice.

The quiz is timed. Once you open the quiz you will have 1 hour to submit your answers.

You are only able to make one attempt at this quiz. Once you submit your answers, you cannot retake the quiz.

When you have completed the quiz, make sure to click ‘submit’ or your answers will not be recorded.

IMPORTANT 

The CRIM2014 is not a group work task. Under no circumstances should you co-complete the CRIM2014 quiz with a friend or as a group. Studying together in advance of a quiz is perfectly acceptable, but undertaking a quiz or sharing the questions/answers with another student is not.  

Collusion is a serious offence under the ANU's Academic Legislation and evidence of such will be referred to the Academic Registrar for investigation. 

The link for the ANU policy on Collusion is below.

http://www.anu.edu.au/students/academic-skills/academic-integrity/plagiarism/collusion

Assessment Task 3

Written Assessment (40%)

Written Assessment

This assignment will require students to write a literature review (max 1000 words) on offender decision making processes and offender modus operandi for a specific crime type and complete a crime script analysis of a related crime event (max 2000 words). This assignment will require students to demonstrate their knowledge of theories within crime science and environmental criminology and explain theoretical approaches to implementation of effective prevention techniques. 

Literature Review (15% of total course grade)

Select one of the following crimes and write a 1000-word literature review on the type of crime.

The literature review use environmental criminology and crime analysis to explain the occurrence of the case study under scrutiny.

You should use a variety of sources to back up your argument.

Sexual Offences

Organised Crime

Lone Actor Terrorism

You should use a variety of sources to back up your argument.

Critical Network Analysis (25% of total course grade)

Using your chosen case study, investigate the corresponding report. The reports include timelines of the case, offender and victim contact with services, and details of the violent act. 

You are to use your report to formulate;

a crime script of the offender’s decision-making during the offence,

a brief timeline (500 words) of the case under scrutiny,

a (1500 word) critical analysis of the prevention initiatives used in your case study.

Please note, that written assessments which are 10% over/under the word count are penalised by 10% of the possible marks available (i.e., literature review submissions which are below 900 and above 1100 words and critical network analysis submissions which are below 1800 and above 2200 words will incur a 10% penalty).

Rubric

Assessment Element	High Distinction	Distinction	Credit	Pass	Fail
Literature Review - Theory	Demonstrated ability to understand all aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	Demonstrated ability to understand most aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	Demonstrated ability to understand some aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	Demonstrated ability to understand minimal aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	No demonstrated ability to understand aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.
Literature Review - Sources	Ability to locate a wide range of appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	Ability to locate a range of appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	Ability to locate a narrow range of appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	Ability to locate one or two appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	No ability to locate appropriate sources, identify or connect theory to case under scrutiny.
Literature Review - Evaluation	Identifies and comprehensively critically evaluates strengths and limitations of the case specific prevention approach along with the effectiveness of its implications to the relevant case.	Identifies and critically evaluates strengths and limitations of the case specific prevention approach along with the effectiveness of its implications to the relevant case.	Identifies strengths and limitations of the case specific prevention approach along with the effectiveness of its implications to the relevant case.	Identifies strengths and limitations of the case specific prevention approach.	Fails to identify or evaluate strengths and limitations of the case specific prevention approach along with the effectiveness of its implications to the relevant case.
Literature Review - Argument	Review draws from multiple high quality sources of information to demonstrate the breadth and strength of research, synthesises the relevant literature to mount a coherent and logical argument.	Review draws from multiple quality sources of information to demonstrate the breadth and strength of research, synthesises the relevant literature to mount a coherent and logical argument.	Review draws from multiple sources of information to demonstrate the breadth and strength of research, synthesises the relevant literature to mount a coherent and logical argument.	Review draws from few sources of information to demonstrate the breadth and strength of research, synthesises the relevant literature to mount a coherent and logical argument.	Review does not draw from sources of information to demonstrate the breadth and strength of research, synthesises the relevant literature to mount a coherent and logical argument.
Literature Review - Presentation	The chosen format for the presentation of information is easy to follow and well organised.  Clear and readable in terms of written expression; uses an objective and professional tone; avoids overuse of quotes. Fully adheres to APA formatting with appropriate in- text referencing and reference list.	The chosen format for the presentation of information is easy to follow and well organised.  Clear and readable in terms of written expression; uses an objective and professional tone; avoids overuse of quotes. Minor issues with APA formatting.	The chosen format for the presentation of information is easy to follow.  Readable in terms of written expression; avoids overuse of quotes. Some issues with APA formatting.	Mid-range in terms of written expression. Major issues with APA formatting.	Poor written presentation. Difficult to follow and does not use professional tone. Over-use of quotes. Does not adhere to APA formatting with appropriate in- text referencing and reference list.
Crime Script - Theory	Demonstrated ability to understand all aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	Demonstrated ability to understand most aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	Demonstrated ability to understand some aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	Demonstrated ability to understand minimal aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.	No demonstrated ability to understand aspects of the topic, key concepts, and theory.
Crime Script - Sources	Ability to locate a wide range of appropriate quality sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	Ability to locate a range of appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	Ability to locate a narrow range of appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	Ability to locate one or two appropriate sources, identify and connect theory to case under scrutiny.	No ability to locate appropriate sources, identify or connect theory to case under scrutiny.
Crime Script - Script Development	Coherent and logical depiction of crime script.	Minor formatting issues in crime script.	Missing information within script that was available in case study.	Basic depiction of crime script, lack of information that was available in case study.	Major errors within crime script.
Crime Script - Argument	Mounts a critical argument which demonstrates a clear understanding of the potential intervention points for prevention.	Mounts a critical argument which demonstrates a basic understanding of the potential intervention points for prevention.	Offers a demonstration an understanding of the potential intervention points for prevention.	Poor demonstration of an understanding of the potential intervention points for prevention.	No demonstration of an understanding of the potential intervention points for prevention.
Crime Script - Presentation	The chosen format for the presentation of information is easy to follow and well organised.  Clear and readable in terms of written expression; uses an objective and professional tone; avoids overuse of quotes. Adheres to APA formatting with appropriate in- text referencing and reference list.	The chosen format for the presentation of information is easy to follow and well organised.  Clear and readable in terms of written expression; uses an objective and professional tone; avoids overuse of quotes. Minor issues with APA formatting.	The chosen format for the presentation of information is easy to follow.  Readable in terms of written expression; avoids overuse of quotes. Some issues with APA formatting.	Mid-range in terms of written expression. Major issues with APA formatting.	Poor written presentation. Difficult to follow and does not use professional tone. Over-use of quotes. Does not adhere to APA formatting with appropriate in- text referencing and reference list.

Assessment Task 4

Final Exam (40%)

Exam

The final exam comprises an unseen examination paper lasting 3 hours and 15 minutes (inclusive of reading time). 

The exam will run in the final exam period (Date TBC).

The exam is designed to assess students understanding of knowledge, critical thinking, and application of theory as introduced in this course.

Students will be provided with two exam questions per lecture in Weeks 2-11 (18 questions).

The exam will consist of 10 of these questions.

Student will have to answer 6 of the 10 questions.

The following includes a list of examination rules:

No electronic aids (e.g. laptops, smartphones, Internet-enabled devices, etc.) are permitted in the exam.

No materials (e.g. books, notes, etc.) are permitted.

Use of an unannotated paper-based dictionary is permitted for candidates with prior written approval from the Convenor. 

Academic Integrity

Academic integrity is a core part of the ANU culture as a community of scholars. The University’s students are an integral part of that community. The academic integrity principle commits all students to engage in academic work in ways that are consistent with, and actively support, academic integrity, and to uphold this commitment by behaving honestly, responsibly and ethically, and with respect and fairness, in scholarly practice.

The University expects all staff and students to be familiar with the academic integrity principle, the Academic Integrity Rule 2021, the Policy: Student Academic Integrity and Procedure: Student Academic Integrity, and to uphold high standards of academic integrity to ensure the quality and value of our qualifications.

The Academic Integrity Rule 2021 is a legal document that the University uses to promote academic integrity, and manage breaches of the academic integrity principle. The Policy and Procedure support the Rule by outlining overarching principles, responsibilities and processes. The Academic Integrity Rule 2021 commences on 1 December 2021 and applies to courses commencing on or after that date, as well as to research conduct occurring on or after that date. Prior to this, the Academic Misconduct Rule 2015 applies.

 

The University commits to assisting all students to understand how to engage in academic work in ways that are consistent with, and actively support academic integrity. All coursework students must complete the online Academic Integrity Module (Epigeum), and Higher Degree Research (HDR) students are required to complete research integrity training. The Academic Integrity website provides information about services available to assist students with their assignments, examinations and other learning activities, as well as understanding and upholding academic integrity.

Online Submission

You will be required to electronically sign a declaration as part of the submission of your assignment. Please keep a copy of the assignment for your records. Unless an exemption has been approved by the Associate Dean (Education) submission must be through Turnitin.

Hardcopy Submission

For some forms of assessment (hand written assignments, art works, laboratory notes, etc.) hard copy submission is appropriate when approved by the Associate Dean (Education). Hard copy submissions must utilise the Assignment Cover Sheet. Please keep a copy of tasks completed for your records.

Late Submission

Late submission permitted. Late submission of assessment tasks without an extension are penalised at the rate of 5% of the possible marks available per working day or part thereof. Late submission of assessment tasks is not accepted after 10 working days after the due date, or on or after the date specified in the course outline for the return of the assessment item. Late submission is not accepted for take-home examinations.

Referencing Requirements

The Academic Skills website has information to assist you with your writing and assessments. The website includes information about Academic Integrity including referencing requirements for different disciplines. There is also information on Plagiarism and different ways to use source material.

Extensions and Penalties

Extensions and late submission of assessment pieces are covered by the Student Assessment (Coursework) Policy and Procedure. Extensions may be granted for assessment pieces that are not examinations or take-home examinations. If you need an extension, you must request an extension in writing on or before the due date. If you have documented and appropriate medical evidence that demonstrates you were not able to request an extension on or before the due date, you may be able to request it after the due date.

Privacy Notice

The ANU has made a number of third party, online, databases available for students to use. Use of each online database is conditional on student end users first agreeing to the database licensor’s terms of service and/or privacy policy. Students should read these carefully. In some cases student end users will be required to register an account with the database licensor and submit personal information, including their: first name; last name; ANU email address; and other information.
In cases where student end users are asked to submit ‘content’ to a database, such as an assignment or short answers, the database licensor may only use the student’s ‘content’ in accordance with the terms of service – including any (copyright) licence the student grants to the database licensor. Any personal information or content a student submits may be stored by the licensor, potentially offshore, and will be used to process the database service in accordance with the licensors terms of service and/or privacy policy.
If any student chooses not to agree to the database licensor’s terms of service or privacy policy, the student will not be able to access and use the database. In these circumstances students should contact their lecturer to enquire about alternative arrangements that are available.

Distribution of grades policy

Academic Quality Assurance Committee monitors the performance of students, including attrition, further study and employment rates and grade distribution, and College reports on quality assurance processes for assessment activities, including alignment with national and international disciplinary and interdisciplinary standards, as well as qualification type learning outcomes.

Since first semester 1994, ANU uses a grading scale for all courses. This grading scale is used by all academic areas of the University.

Support for students

The University offers students support through several different services. You may contact the services listed below directly or seek advice from your Course Convener, Student Administrators, or your College and Course representatives (if applicable).

• ANU Health, safety & wellbeing for medical services, counselling, mental health and spiritual support
• ANU Access and inclusion for students with a disability or ongoing or chronic illness
• ANU Dean of Students for confidential, impartial advice and help to resolve problems between students and the academic or administrative areas of the University
• ANU Academic Skills and Learning Centre supports you make your own decisions about how you learn and manage your workload.
• ANU Counselling Centre promotes, supports and enhances mental health and wellbeing within the University student community.
• ANUSA supports and represents undergraduate and ANU College students
• PARSA supports and represents postgraduate and research students