Why is something as superfluous as diamonds so costly, but something as essential as water so cheap? How can the cost of the coffee beans make up only a few cents of the price of a cup of coffee? With the world’s highest minimum wage rate, can Australia ever compete with low wage countries?

The ANU Bachelor of Economics provides a framework and a way of thinking to help answer questions like these. Your coursework will span economics (both theory and applied), economic history, and econometrics while developing your analytical problem-solving and quantitative skills.

Whether working as an economist or in some other role, your Bachelor of Economics degree and training will be sought after.

A Master of Translation will equip you with the highly-developed analytical and written communication skills in English and a language of focus, which you need to succeed in professional translation, as well as intercultural competence and transferable skills that will prepare you to succeed in increasingly global, multilingual work environments. It is designed to provide students with a focused qualification in the fields of literary and technical translation, along with an understanding of the history of translation and an appreciation of many critical issues in the field.

The ANU is home to a team of world-renowned intercultural specialists and language specialists who are also experienced translators. ANU offers the greatest variety of specialised language expertise available in Australia and is the ideal location for your study of translation.

The Master of Translation is a professional degree endorsed by the National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters (NAATI). Upon successful completion of the Program, students are eligible for the Certified Translator testing level subject to the availability of the NAATI certification tests for each language.

Employment Opportunities

Economics provides a foundation for careers in:

• Public policy
• International development
•  Business and management
• Government and politics 
• Law
• Finance and insurance
• Teaching and education
• Marketing and tourism 
• Examples of job titles in economics are listed below.

Government Departments
Australian and overseas governments provide many career paths for economists.  Departments like Finance, Treasury, the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the Productivity Commission and the Australian Bureau of Agriculture and Resource Economics recruit heavily from the ANU.  Economists are also much in demand in other government departments dealing with issues such as Trade, Education, Employment and Social Security.  

Business and Management
Firms recruit economists because their advice is vital to businesses in understanding their business environment, how competitors react, and how changes in things such as interest rates, oil prices, exchange rates and consumer demand are likely to affect the business.  Consultancy and accounting firms employ economists to advise their clients which include both private firms and governments.

International Agencies
International agencies such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and Oxfam recruit economists to advise them on the effects of policy changes, financial crises and conflicts in one part of the global economy on another, as they are transmitted through trade and financial flows.  Economists advise on trade policy and macroeconomic policy coordination.

Resource and Environmental Economist
Economists are employed to study natural resource use and environmental problems and their relationship to economic behaviour.  Employers include mining firms and regulatory agencies.  Economists contribute to the better management of natural resources and improving the global environment.

Schools and Universities
There is a thriving national and international market for academic economists in High Schools / Colleges and Universities. 

Finance and Banking
Financial institutions including Banks, and in particular the Reserve Bank of Australia, actively recruit economists to advise them on the state of the economy and on risks from factors such as interest rate changes and exchange rate movements.

Economics provides a foundation for careers in:

• Public policy
• International development
•  Business and management
• Government and politics 
• Law
• Finance and insurance
• Teaching and education
• Marketing and tourism 
• Examples of job titles in economics are listed below.

Government Departments
Australian and overseas governments provide many career paths for economists.  Departments like Finance, Treasury, the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the Productivity Commission and the Australian Bureau of Agriculture and Resource Economics recruit heavily from the ANU.  Economists are also much in demand in other government departments dealing with issues such as Trade, Education, Employment and Social Security.  

Business and Management
Firms recruit economists because their advice is vital to businesses in understanding their business environment, how competitors react, and how changes in things such as interest rates, oil prices, exchange rates and consumer demand are likely to affect the business.  Consultancy and accounting firms employ economists to advise their clients which include both private firms and governments.

International Agencies
International agencies such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and Oxfam recruit economists to advise them on the effects of policy changes, financial crises and conflicts in one part of the global economy on another, as they are transmitted through trade and financial flows.  Economists advise on trade policy and macroeconomic policy coordination.

Resource and Environmental Economist
Economists are employed to study natural resource use and environmental problems and their relationship to economic behaviour.  Employers include mining firms and regulatory agencies.  Economists contribute to the better management of natural resources and improving the global environment.

Schools and Universities
There is a thriving national and international market for academic economists in High Schools / Colleges and Universities. 

Finance and Banking
Financial institutions including Banks, and in particular the Reserve Bank of Australia, actively recruit economists to advise them on the state of the economy and on risks from factors such as interest rate changes and exchange rate movements.

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of a Bachelor of Economics, graduates will be able to:

1. to solve economic problems using analytical reasoning;
2. apply economic analysis to a wide variety of economic issues;
3. use basic empirical estimation techniques to test economic predictions;
4. provide insight into the way that households and individuals make decisions and interact, and the role of government in providing public goods and regulating the market sector;
5. learn how to communicate rigorous economic analysis in a coherent way

1. demonstrate a thorough knowledge of translation theory and practice specific to English and the language of focus;
   
2. evaluate theories concerning the nature and use of translation and the practical application of those theories to specific areas of interest to the student;
   
3. demonstrate an awareness of fundamental issues in translation including the processes of translation, assessing translations, the place of register and genre, and the questions of pragmatic and cultural interpretation;
   
4. critically apply theoretical frameworks to the creation of translations;
   
5. show analytic skills and creative thinking in translating between English and the language of focus.

Additional Information

• ECHI1006 The Australian Economy: Past and Present
• ECON2013 Behavioural Economics: Psychology and Economics
• ECON2900 Development Poverty and Famine(P)
• ECON2901 Development Poverty and Famine(H)

Students have 48 units of electives in a single degree program. Electives can be selected from CBE or other Colleges. No more than 10 courses at 1000 level.

Students wish to undertake an out of college elective may contact the relevant College directly.

Student Responsibility:

It is the student's responsibility to select electives in such a way that:

• they satisfy prerequisites for the corresponding course/s.
• they conform to the rules set out in Programs and Courses or if unsure seek advice from the CBE office.

It is the student's responsibility to select the courses appropriate for his/her program.

Study Plans:
Study Plans for Commencing Semester 1 or 2

• ECHI1006 The Australian Economy: Past and Present
• ECON2013 Behavioural Economics: Psychology and Economics
• ECON2900 Development Poverty and Famine(P)
• ECON2901 Development Poverty and Famine(H)

Students have 48 units of electives in a single degree program. Electives can be selected from CBE or other Colleges. No more than 10 courses at 1000 level.

Students wish to undertake an out of college elective may contact the relevant College directly.

Student Responsibility:

It is the student's responsibility to select electives in such a way that:

• they satisfy prerequisites for the corresponding course/s.
• they conform to the rules set out in Programs and Courses or if unsure seek advice from the CBE office.

It is the student's responsibility to select the courses appropriate for his/her program.

Study Plans:
Study Plans for Commencing Semester 1 or 2

Admission Requirements

At a minimum, all applicants must meet program-specific academic/non-academic requirements, and English language requirements. Admission to most ANU programs is on a competitive basis. Therefore, meeting all admission requirements does not automatically guarantee entry.

In line with the university's admissions policy and strategic plan, an assessment for admission may include competitively ranking applicants on the basis of specific academic achievement, English language proficiency and diversity factors.

Domestic applicants

→ School leavers will be assessed on:
• the minimum Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) requirement or equivalent for this program,
• the co-curricular or service requirement, and
• any program specific requirements that are listed below.

→ Non school leavers:
a) will be assessed on:
• the minimum Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) requirement or equivalent for this program,
b) Non school leavers who:
• complete a recognised Australian (or equivalent) post-secondary qualification, or
• complete one standard full-time year (1.0 FTE) of an Australian (or equivalent) degree qualification, or
• complete an approved tertiary preparation course/program without undertaking any further study,
will be assessed on the basis of an equivalent selection rank that is calculated upon application. Non school leavers must also meet any program specific requirements that are listed below.

International applicants

Applicants who complete a recognised secondary/senior secondary/post-secondary/tertiary sequence of study will be assessed on the basis of an equivalent selection rank that is calculated upon application. A list of commonly observed international qualifications and corresponding admission requirements can be found here. Applicants must also meet any program specific requirements that are listed below.

Diversity factors & English language proficiency  
As Australia's national university, ANU is global representative of Australian research and education. ANU endeavours to recruit and maintain a diverse and deliberate student cohort representative not only of Australia, but the world. In order to achieve these outcomes, competitive ranking of applicants may be adjusted to ensure access to ANU is a reality for brilliant students from countries across the globe. If required, competitive ranking may further be confirmed on the basis of demonstrating higher-level English language proficiency.

Prerequisites

There are no formal program prerequisites. But assumed knowledge is:-ACT: Mathematical Methods (Major)/Further Mathematics/Specialist Mathematics (major)/ Specialist Methods or NSW: Mathematics or equivalent. More information about interstate subject equivalencies can be found here.

Adjustment Factors

ANU offers rank adjustments for a number of adjustment factors, including for high achievement in nationally strategic senior secondary subjects and for recognition of difficult circumstances that students face in their studies. Rank adjustments are applied to Bachelor degree applicants with an ATAR at or above 70. Points are awarded in accordance with the approved schedules, and no more than 15 points (maximum 5 subject/performance-based adjustments, maximum 10 equity-based adjustments and maximum 5 Elite Athlete adjustments) will be awarded. Please note that Adjustment Factors vary and do not apply to a select few programs,  please visit the ANU Adjustment Factors website for further information.

Scholarships

ANU offers a wide range of scholarships to students to assist with the cost of their studies.

Eligibility to apply for ANU scholarships varies depending on the specifics of the scholarship and can be categorised by the type of student you are.  Specific scholarship application process information is included in the relevant scholarship listing.

For further information see the Scholarships website.

Program Requirements

The Bachelor of Economics requires completion of 144 units, of which:

A maximum of 60 units may come from completion of 1000-level courses

The 144 units must include:

36 units from completion of the following compulsory courses:

ECON1101 Microeconomics 1

ECON3101 Microeconomics 3

ECON3102 Macroeconomics 3

EMET1001 Foundations of Economic and Financial Models

EMET2007 Econometrics I: Econometric Methods

STAT1008 Quantitative Research Methods

6 units from completion of a course from the following list:

ECON1100 Economics I (H)

ECON1102 Macroeconomics 1

6 units from completion of a course from the following list:

ECON2101 Microeconomics 2(P)

ECON2111 Microeconomics 2(H)

6 units from completion of a course from the following list:

ECON2016 Economics II (H)

ECON2102 Macroeconomics 2(P)

ECON2112 Macroeconomics 2(H)

6 units from completion of a course from the following list:

ECHI1006 The Australian Economy: Past and Present

ECHI3008 History of Economic Thought(P)

ECHI3009 World Economy Since 1800

ECHI3018 History of Economic Thought (H)

ECHI3019 The World Economy Since 1800 (H)

ECON2013 Behavioral Economics

ECON2014 Managerial Economics

ECON2026 Money and Banking

ECON2091 The Economy, Politics and the State

ECON2120 Law and Economics(P)

ECON2139 Law and Economics(H)

ECON2141 Strategic Thinking: An introduction to Game Theory

ECON2900 Development Poverty and Famine

ECON2901 Development Poverty and Famine(H)
 

18 units from completion of courses on List 1 of the ANU College of Business and Economics
 

18 units from completion of courses on List 2 of the ANU College of Business and Economics

24 units from completion of introductory courses in any of the following lists:

Ancient Greek

GREK6125 Advanced Ancient Greek

Arabic

ARAB6503 Advanced Arabic A

ARAB6504 Advanced Arabic B

Chinese

CHIN6522 Modern Chinese 5

CHIN6523 Modern Chinese 6

CHIN6524 Advanced Modern Chinese A

CHIN6525 Advanced Modern Chinese B

English

CLAS6001 Traditional Grammar

ENGL6015 Introduction to Creative Writing

ESEN6101 Extended University English

LING6001 Introduction to the Study of Language

LING6020 The Structure of English

French

FREN6010 Advanced French I

FREN6011 Advanced French II

German

GERM6507 German Studies - Advanced 1

GERM6508 German Studies: Advanced German 2

Hindi

HIND6600 Hindi 6

Indonesian

INDN6503 Indonesian 6

Italian

ITAL3015 Advanced Italian Topics in Language, Culture and Society

ITAL3016 Advanced Italian Topics in Language and Literary Studies

Japanese

JPNS6014 Japanese 5

JPNS6015 Japanese 6

Korean

KORE6513 Korean 6

Latin

LATN6125 Advanced Latin

Literary Chinese

CHIN6530 Literary Chinese 1

CHIN6531 Literary Chinese 2

Persian

PERS6005 Advanced Persian A

PERS6006 Advanced Persian B

Sanskrit

SKRT6106 Sanskrit 6

Spanish

SPAN6509 Advanced Spanish Topics in Language and Linguistics

SPAN6510 Advanced Spanish Topics in Language and Culture

Thai

THAI6008 Thai 6

Vietnamese

VIET6503 Vietnamese 6

24 units from completion of elective courses from ANU

Students must achieve a minimum GPA of 5.0 in the first 96 units attempted to commence the 24 units of Masters courses in their Bachelor degree. Students who do not achieve this GPA will be able to complete and graduate from their Bachelor degree but will not be able to undertake Masters courses.

If the total number of units attempted exceeds 96 in the same teaching period in which the 96^th unit is attempted, all courses attempted will be used in the calculation of the GPA.

The Master of Translation requires completion of 96 units, of which:

96 units must come from 6000-level, 7000-level and 8000-level courses

The 96 units must consist of:

24 units of specified credit from graduate courses completed in the Bachelor degree

24 units of unspecified credit

24 units from the following Research component:

18 units from completion of the following compulsory research training courses

LANG6001 Translation across Languages: The Translation of Literary Texts

LANG6002 Translation across Languages: Specialised Materials

LING6015 Language, Culture and Translation

6 units from one of the following research project courses

ANIP6503 Australian National Internships Program Internship A (Graduate)

LANG8016 Translation Project

Maximum 24 units from completion of contextual courses in any of the following lists:

Cross Cultural Communication

LING6021 Cross Cultural Communication

ASIA8051 Language and Power in Asia and the Pacific

Communication Genres

COMP8705 Communication for Computing Professionals II

ENGL6026 Creative Writing 3 Advanced Fiction

HIST8011 Biography and History

HUMN8026 Writing in the Public Sphere

INTR8065 Writing International Relations

MGMT7001 Business Communication

POGO8037 Writing Public Policy

SCOM8014 Communicating Science with the Public

Maximum 24 units from completion of courses on one of the following lists:

Arabic

ARAB6505 Introductory Course to Arabic Linguistics

ARAB6506 Research Project (Arabic)

ARAB6507 Introductory Course to Arabic Literature

ARAB6508 Special Topics in Arabic

ARAB6509 Directed Study Project (Arabic)

ARAB6510 Arab Current Affairs and Media Arabic

Australian Indigenous Languages and Society

ANTH6005 Traditional Australian Indigenous Cultures, Societies and Environment

LING6016 Language and Society in Indigenous Australia

Chinese

CHIN6015 Advanced Literary Chinese*

CHIN6041 Chinese-English Translation

CHST6211 Reading China: Past and Present

CHST6212 Reading Chinese Literature: Theory and Criticism

CHIN6216 Chinese-English Interpreting: Methodology and Practice

CHIN6530 Literary Chinese 1

CHIN6531 Literary Chinese 2

LING6017 Chinese Linguistics

   *CHIN6015 may be completed more than once if the topic is different.

English

LING6008 Semantics

LING6023 Dictionaries and Dictionary-Making

LING6030 Advanced Academic English

LING6529 The History of the English Language

LING8026 Qualitative Research Methods in Language Studies

ENGL6008 Introduction to Literary Theory

ENGL6025 Contemporary Australian Writing

ENGL6117 The Politics of Comedy from the Globe to The Office

French

FREN6012 Global Paris: Culture, History and Identity in the French Capital

FREN6510 Selected Topics in French Studies*

FREN6515 The sounds of French: phonetics and pronunciation

FREN6513 Current Affairs and the French Press (Advanced)

FREN6514 Imagining the French Empire: French Colonialism on Film

*FREN6510 Selected Topics in French Studies may be completed more than once if the topic is different.

German

GERM6051 German Literature and Culture Today

GERM6510 Berlin Stories: Places, Words, Images

GERM6511 Gender in German Culture: From Goethe to Trans*

GERM6513 German Film Since the Wall: Identity, History and Belonging

Hindi

ASIA6083 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages A

ASIA6108 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages B

HIND6525 Learning Language Locally: India

Indonesian

ASIA6083 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages A

ASIA6108 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages B

INDN6015 Advanced Indonesian: Translation into English

INDN6104 Advanced Indonesian: History and Development of the Language

INDN6525 Learning Language Locally: Indonesia

Italian

ITAL6509 Advanced Italian Topics in Language, Culture and Society

ITAL6510 Advanced Italian Topics in Language and Literary Studies

Japanese

JPNS6023 Research Topics in Japanese: History & Society

JPNS6025 Research Topics in Japanese: International Relations & Politics

JPNS6102 Debating Japan: Contemporary Intellectual Debate

JPNS6505 Advanced Japanese: Issues in Contemporary Japan

JPNS6506 Advanced Japanese: Language in Context

JPNS6507 Advanced Japanese: Readings in Culture and Society

JPNS6508 Advanced Japanese: Readings in Literature

JPNS6512 Teaching Japanese: Content

JPNS6513 Japanese - English Translation

JPNS6514 Teaching Japanese Method

JPNS6525 Learning Language Locally: Japan

Korean

KORE6017 Advanced Korean: Film and Society

KORE6018 Advanced Korean: Literature and Media

Literary Chinese

CHIN6015 Advanced Literary Chinese*

* CHIN6015 may be completed more than once if the topic is different.

Sanskrit

SKRT6002 Advanced Sanskrit Literature A

SKRT6003 Advanced Sanskrit Literature B

ASIA6083 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages A

ASIA6108 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages B

Spanish

SPAN6511 Music and Society in the Spanish-Speaking World

SPAN6513 Current Affairs in the Spanish-Speaking World

SPAN6514 The Structure of Spanish

SPAN6517 Cinema from the Spanish-speaking World

SPAN6518 The Sounds of Spanish

SPAN6604 Multilingualism and indigenous people in the America

LANG6004 Language and Society in Latin America

Thai

THAI6525 Learning Language Locally: Thailand

ASIA6083 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages A

ASIA6108 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages B

Vietnamese

VIET6525 Learning Language Locally: Vietnam

VIET6015 Vietnamese-English Translation

ASIA6083 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages A

ASIA6108 Research Topics in South and Southeast Asian Languages B

Minors

Bachelor of Economics Minors

Honours

Alongside the courses in the economics degree, an Honours stream is offered commencing in second semester of first year. This stream is designed for (but not exclusive to) students whose performance in economics is at credit level or better. It aims to provide students with a deeper understanding of economic analysis and to impart greater confidence and capacity in addressing economic issues. Participation in the Honours stream is important for students who may wish to work as professional economists or who want to go on to further study of economics at the fourth year or at graduate level. The Honours stream involves an additional lecture and tutorial per week, plus an additional examination each semester. Students are able to enter, or leave, the Honours stream at any stage during the degree.

After the standard three-year program, students can undertake Honours as a fourth year of study in Applied Economics, Economics, Econometrics or Economic History. Entry is by invitation to high achieving students. Anyone with high grades in three-year economics undergraduate degrees at other universities may also be eligible to enter the Honours year.

Interested students can obtain advice from the Honours Convenor in the Research School of Economics.